Adrian Bretsch
ba6622bed7
All Markdown documentation files for the ThermIQ smart hybrid heating system. PDFs excluded via .gitignore — generated on demand. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
115 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
115 lines
4.9 KiB
Markdown
# ThermIQ — System Architecture
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## Overview
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ThermIQ is a local-first hybrid energy and heating system. The architecture has three layers:
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1. **Field layer** — physical hardware (miners, pumps, valves, sensors)
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2. **Control layer** — RevolutionPi PLC + safety relay
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3. **Supervision layer** — Raspberry Pi (Node-RED + Home Assistant + MQTT)
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```
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┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ SUPERVISION LAYER │
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│ Raspberry Pi: Node-RED | Home Assistant | Mosquitto MQTT │
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└─────────────────────┬───────────────────────────────────────┘
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│ MQTT (LAN)
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┌─────────────────────▼───────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ CONTROL LAYER │
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│ RevolutionPi Core+DIO+AIO ←→ Safety Relay (HW) │
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└──────┬──────────────────────────────────────┬───────────────┘
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│ 0-10V / DO / DI │ Contactor coils
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┌──────▼──────────────────────────────────────▼───────────────┐
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│ FIELD LAYER │
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│ Miners K10/K11 | Pumps P3-P5 | Valves RV1-RV2 │
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│ Cooler K2 | Heat Pump K7 | Sensors | Energy Meters │
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└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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## Energy Flow Decision Logic
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```
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Solar production > consumption?
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→ YES: Run miners + charge battery
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→ NO: Battery available?
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→ YES: Run miners from battery
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→ NO: Check grid tariff / time of day
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→ Cheap: Run miners from grid
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→ Expensive: Reduce/stop miners
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Miner waste heat available?
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→ YES: Route to Pufferspeicher via pumps
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→ Need cooling? → Rückkühler ON
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Pufferspeicher temperature sufficient?
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→ YES: Heat pump OFF (EVU Sperre = block)
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→ NO: Heat pump ON (EVU Sperre = release)
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```
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## Network Topology
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```
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[Industrial Switch]
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├── RevolutionPi (fixed IP, MQTT client)
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├── Raspberry Pi (fixed IP)
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│ ├── Mosquitto MQTT Broker
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│ ├── Node-RED (Modbus client + automation)
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│ └── Home Assistant (visualization + dashboards)
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├── USB RS485 Gateway (energy meters, Deye inverter)
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└── [Optional: cloud read-only APIs]
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```
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Fixed IPs required for RevPi and MQTT broker. NTP time sync required.
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## MQTT Data Bus
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All internal state flows through MQTT topics on Mosquitto broker (localhost on RPi).
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Planned topic structure (TBD):
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- `thermiq/miners/+/state`
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- `thermiq/miners/+/power`
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- `thermiq/pumps/+/setpoint`
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- `thermiq/pumps/+/feedback`
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- `thermiq/valves/+/state`
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- `thermiq/inverter/+/power`
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- `thermiq/inverter/+/soc`
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- `thermiq/grid/power`
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- `thermiq/temps/puffer`
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- `thermiq/temps/warmwasser`
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- `thermiq/safety/state`
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## Control Philosophy
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- **RevolutionPi** = logic engine and field I/O. Publishes/subscribes MQTT.
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- **Node-RED** = Modbus polling (Deye RS485, energy meters), automation flows, MQTT bridge.
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- **Home Assistant** = visualization only. Does not control field devices directly.
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- **Safety relay** = hardware-only. Independent of all software. Miners cannot run without safety OK.
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## Seasonal Modes (planned)
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| Mode | Description |
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|------|-------------|
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| Winter | Miners primary heat source; heat pump backup |
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| Summer | Miners cooled via Rückkühler; heat pump off |
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| Spring/Autumn | Hybrid, temperature-controlled transition |
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| Maintenance | Manual override, miners off |
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## Fallback / Fail-Safe Behavior
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| Failure | Behavior |
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|---------|----------|
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| RevPi crash | Miners shut down (safety relay de-energizes contactors) |
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| MQTT offline | Heat pump autonomous (EVU contact open = run) |
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| Network loss | All field devices fail-safe (pumps at last setpoint or min) |
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| Temperature MAX | Safety relay trips → miners off immediately |
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| Flow loss | Safety relay trips → miners off immediately |
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## Integration Points
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| System | Protocol | Direction |
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|--------|----------|-----------|
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| Deye inverter | RS485 Modbus RTU | Read (power, SOC, grid) |
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| Energy meters | RS485 Modbus RTU | Read (consumption) |
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| Miners (Braiins OS) | gRPC over LAN | Read/Write (tuner, power) |
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| RevPi | MQTT | Bidirectional |
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| Smartmeter | (TBD) | Read |
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